What is the purpose of a GFCI in electrical systems?

The primary purpose of a GFCI, or Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter, is to prevent electric shock. GFCIs are specifically designed to detect imbalances in electrical current, which can indicate a ground fault—an unintended path for current to flow, often through a person who is in contact with water or damp surfaces. When the GFCI detects this imbalance, it swiftly cuts off the electrical supply to prevent severe injury or death due to electric shock. This is particularly important in locations where electricity is used near water, such as kitchens and bathrooms, making GFCIs crucial for safety in residential and commercial electrical systems.

The focus on shock prevention underscores their role in enhancing overall electrical safety, contrasting with functions like increasing voltage, protecting against overloads, or enhancing signal quality, which are not the intended use of a GFCI.