Circuit protection devices prevent current overload by:

Circuit protection devices are designed to keep electrical systems safe by preventing damage from current overload situations. When an overload occurs—meaning the current flowing through the circuit exceeds its safe capacity—circuit protection devices respond by tripping. This action breaks the circuit, stopping the flow of electricity and thereby protecting the wiring and connected devices from overheating, potentially causing fires or other hazards.

The trip mechanism is fundamental to devices such as circuit breakers and fuses. When they detect a fault condition—like excessive current or a short circuit—they activate and open the circuit to prevent further current flow. This immediate interruption is crucial for safety, as it mitigates the risk of damage and enhances the overall reliability of the electrical system.

The other options do not accurately describe the function of circuit protection devices. Merging, dispersing, and amplifying are not relevant processes in the context of preventing current overload. Circuit protection is about managing current flow and responding to faults with immediate disconnection to ensure safety.